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- = K =
- =====
-
- K: /K/ [from {kilo-}] n. A kilobyte. This is used both as a
- spoken word and a written suffix (like {meg} and {gig} for
- megabyte and gigabyte). See {{quantifiers}}.
-
- K&R: [Kernighan and Ritchie] n. Brian Kernighan and Dennis Ritchie's
- book `The C Programming Language', esp. the classic and influential
- first edition (Prentice-Hall 1978; ISBN 0-113-110163-3). Syn.
- {White Book}, {Old Testament}. See also {New Testament}.
-
- kahuna: /k*-hoo'nuh/ [IBM: from the Hawaiian title for a shaman] n.
- Synonym for {wizard}, {guru}.
-
- kamikaze packet: n. The `official' jargon for what is more commonly
- called a {Christmas tree packet}. RFC-1025, `TCP and IP Bake Off'
- says:
-
- 10 points for correctly being able to process a "Kamikaze"
- packet (AKA nastygram, christmas tree packet, lamp test
- segment, et al.). That is, correctly handle a segment with the
- maximum combination of features at once (e.g., a SYN URG PUSH
- FIN segment with options and data).
-
- See also {Chernobyl packet}.
-
- kangaroo code: n. Syn. {spaghetti code}.
-
- ken: /ken/ n. 1. [UNIX] Ken Thompson, principal inventor of
- UNIX. In the early days he used to hand-cut distribution tapes,
- often with a note that read "Love, ken". Old-timers still use
- his first name (sometimes uncapitalized, because it's a login name
- and mail address) in third-person reference; it is widely
- understood (on USENET, in particular) that without a last name
- `Ken' refers only to Ken Thompson. Similarly, Dennis without last
- name means Dennis Ritchie (and he is often known as dmr). See
- also {demigod}, {{UNIX}}. 2. A flaming user. This was
- originated by the Software Support group at Symbolics because the
- two greatest flamers in the user community were both named Ken.
-
- kgbvax: /K-G-B'vaks/ n. See {kremvax}.
-
- kill file: [USENET] n. (alt. `KILL file') Per-user file(s) used
- by some {USENET} reading programs (originally Larry Wall's
- `rn(1)') to discard summarily (without presenting for reading)
- articles matching some particularly uninteresting (or unwanted)
- patterns of subject, author, or other header lines. Thus to add
- a person (or subject) to one's kill file is to arrange for that
- person to be ignored by one's newsreader in future. By extension,
- it may be used for a decision to ignore the person or subject in
- other media. See also {plonk}.
-
- killer micro: [popularized by Eugene Brooks] n. A
- microprocessor-based machine that infringes on mini, mainframe, or
- supercomputer performance turf. Often heard in "No one will
- survive the attack of the killer micros!", the battle cry of the
- downsizers. Used esp. of RISC architectures.
-
- The popularity of the phrase `attack of the killer micros' is
- doubtless reinforced by the movie title "Attack Of The Killer
- Tomatoes" (one of the {canonical} examples of
- so-bad-it's-wonderful among hackers). This has even more flavor
- now that killer micros have gone on the offensive not just
- individually (in workstations) but in hordes (within massively
- parallel computers).
-
- killer poke: n. A recipe for inducing hardware damage on a machine
- via insertion of invalid values (see {poke}) in a memory-mapped
- control register; used esp. of various fairly well-known tricks
- on {bitty box}es without hardware memory management (such as the
- IBM PC and Commodore PET) that can overload and trash analog
- electronics in the monitor. See also {HCF}.
-
- kilo-: [SI] pref. See {{quantifiers}}.
-
- KIPS: /kips/ [acronym, by analogy with {MIPS} using {K}] n.
- Thousands (*not* 1024s) of Instructions Per Second. Usage:
- rare.
-
- KISS Principle: /kis' prin'si-pl/ n. "Keep It Simple, Stupid".
- A maxim often invoked when discussing design to fend off
- {creeping featurism} and control development complexity.
- Possibly related to the {marketroid} maxim on sales
- presentations, "Keep It Short and Simple".
-
- kit: [USENET] n. A source software distribution that has been
- packaged in such a way that it can (theoretically) be unpacked and
- installed according to a series of steps using only standard UNIX
- tools, and entirely documented by some reasonable chain of
- references from the top-level {README file}. The more general
- term {distribution} may imply that special tools or more
- stringent conditions on the host environment are required.
-
- klone: /klohn/ n. See {clone}, sense 4.
-
- kludge: /kluhj/ n. Common (but incorrect) variant of {kluge}, q.v.
-
- kluge: /klooj/ [from the German `klug', clever] 1. n. A Rube
- Goldberg (or Heath Robinson) device, whether in hardware or
- software. (A long-ago `Datamation' article by Jackson Granholme
- said: "An ill-assorted collection of poorly matching parts,
- forming a distressing whole.") 2. n. A clever programming trick
- intended to solve a particular nasty case in an expedient, if not
- clear, manner. Often used to repair bugs. Often involves
- {ad-hockery} and verges on being a {crock}. In fact, the
- TMRC Dictionary defined `kludge' as "a crock that works". 3. n.
- Something that works for the wrong reason. 4. vt. To insert a
- kluge into a program. "I've kluged this routine to get around
- that weird bug, but there's probably a better way." 5. [WPI] n. A
- feature that is implemented in a {rude} manner.
-
- Nowadays this term is often encountered in the variant spelling
- `kludge'. Reports from {old fart}s are consistent that `kluge'
- was the original spelling, and that `kludge' arose by mutation
- sometime in the early 1970s. Some people who encountered the word
- first in print or on-line jumped to the reasonable but incorrect
- conclusion that the word should be pronounced /kluhj/ (rhyming
- with `sludge'). The result of this tangled history is a mess; in
- 1991, many (perhaps even most) hackers pronounce the word correctly
- as /klooj/ but spell it incorrectly as `kludge' (compare the
- pronunciation drift of {mung}). Some observers consider this
- appropriate in view of its meaning.
-
- kluge around: vt. To avoid a bug or difficult condition by
- inserting a {kluge}. Compare {workaround}.
-
- kluge up: vt. To lash together a quick hack to perform a task; this
- is milder than {cruft together} and has some of the connotations
- of {hack up} (note, however, that the construction `kluge on'
- corresponding to {hack on} is never used). "I've kluged up this
- routine to dump the buffer contents to a safe place."
-
- Knights of the Lambda Calculus: n. A semi-mythical organization of
- wizardly LISP and Scheme hackers. The name refers to a
- mathematical formalism invented by Alonzo Church, with which LISP is
- intimately connected. There is no enrollment list and the criteria
- for induction are unclear, but one well-known LISPer has been known
- to give out buttons and, in general, the *members* know who
- they are....
-
- Knuth: [Donald E. Knuth's `The Art of Computer Programming']
- n. Mythically, the reference that answers all questions about data
- structures or algorithms. A safe answer when you do not know:
- "I think you can find that in Knuth." Contrast {literature,
- the}. See also {bible}.
-
- kremvax: /krem-vaks/ [from the then large number of {USENET}
- {VAXen} with names of the form foovax] n. Originally, a
- fictitious USENET site at the Kremlin, announced on April 1, 1984
- in a posting ostensibly originated there by Soviet leader
- Konstantin Chernenko. The posting was actually forged by Piet
- Beertema as an April Fool's joke. Other fictitious sites mentioned in the
- hoax were moskvax and {kgbvax}, which now seems to be the one by
- which it is remembered. This was probably the funniest of the many
- April Fool's forgeries perpetrated on USENET (which has negligible
- security against them), because the notion that USENET might ever
- penetrate the Iron Curtain seemed so totally absurd at the time.
-
- In fact, it was only six years later that the first genuine site in
- Moscow, demos.su, joined USENET. Some readers needed
- convincing that the postings from it weren't just another prank.
- Vadim Antonov (avg@hq.demos.su), the major poster from there
- up to at least the end of 1990, was quite aware of all this,
- referred to it frequently in his own postings, and at one point
- twitted some credulous readers by blandly asserting that he
- *was* a hoax!
-
- Eventually he even arranged to have the domain's gateway site
- *named* kremvax, thus neatly turning fiction into truth
- and demonstrating that the hackish sense of humor transcends
- cultural barriers. [Mr. Antonov also contributed the
- Russian-language material for this lexicon. --- ESR]
-